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Banking, Credit & RBI

68 articles on Banking, Credit & RBI, authored by the Finin2min editorial team.

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Banking, RBI & Payments
Deposit Growth vs Credit Growth: The Banking Imbalance That Raises Loan Rates

Why credit expanding faster than deposits increases competition for funding and can pressure loan pricing.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Why Banks Compete for Deposits Even When RBI Liquidity Is Comfortable

Why banks still need stable deposits even when aggregate rbi liquidity appears adequate.

Banking, RBI & Payments
CASA Ratio Explained: When Cheap Deposits Stop Being Cheap

What the casa ratio reveals about funding mix and why current and savings accounts are not permanently cheap.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Net Interest Margin Pressure: Why Bank Profits Can Fall Before NPAs Rise

Why lending spreads can narrow before credit losses appear in headline npa ratios.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Credit Costs vs Gross NPAs: The Better Early-Warning Signal for Banks

Why provisions and fresh slippages can signal stress earlier than the gross npa ratio.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Unsecured Retail Lending: Growth Engine or Future Asset-Quality Risk?

Whether fast growth in personal loans and credit cards creates future household and bank stress.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Gold Loan Growth: What Rising Loan-to-Value Risk Means for Borrowers

What fast gold-loan growth and revised loan-to-value rules mean for collateral and borrower outcomes.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Microfinance Stress: Why Multiple Lending Can Break Good Repayment Records

How borrowing from multiple microfinance lenders can turn reliable repayment into a household debt trap.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Co-Lending Models: Who Owns the Credit Risk When Banks Partner With Fintechs?

Who bears origination, funding, servicing and default risk when banks and fintechs share a loan.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Loan Securitisation Explained: How Credit Leaves a Bank Balance Sheet

How banks package and transfer loan cash flows while retaining varying levels of risk.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Credit Deposit Ratio by State: What It Reveals About Regional Finance

What state-level credit-deposit ratios reveal about savings mobilisation and regional credit allocation.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Priority Sector Lending: Social Mandate, Credit Allocation and Bank Economics

How priority-sector targets redirect bank credit and affect inclusion, pricing and bank economics.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Provision Coverage Ratio: Why High Coverage Can Still Hide Weak Recovery

Why a strong provision coverage ratio does not by itself prove recoverability or asset quality.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Restructured Loans: How Evergreening Risk Returns in New Forms

How stressed loans can be extended, refinanced or restructured without solving the borrower’s business problem.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Bank Capital Adequacy: Why Profits Are Not the Same as Lending Capacity

Why accounting profit does not determine how much a bank can safely lend.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Liquidity Coverage Ratio: The 30-Day Stress Test Behind Bank Safety

How the liquidity coverage ratio tests a bank’s ability to survive a 30-day cash outflow scenario.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Systemic Liquidity vs Solvency: Why a Bank Can Fail With Valuable Assets

Why a bank can own valuable long-term assets yet fail to meet immediate withdrawals.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Interest Rate Risk in Bank Books: The Bond-Loss Problem Depositors Rarely See

How interest-rate changes create economic losses in securities and fixed-rate loans held by banks.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Digital Bank Runs: How Fast Payments Change Liquidity Risk

How instant payments, social media and mobile banking accelerate deposit-flight risk.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Small Finance Banks: High Yields, High Costs and Concentration Risk

Why small finance banks combine attractive loan yields with expensive deposits and concentration risk.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Cooperative Bank Safety: How Governance Risk Differs From Commercial Banks

How ownership, local concentration and governance risks make cooperative banks different from commercial banks.

Insurance
Deposit Insurance Limits: What Families With Multiple Accounts Should Know

How india’s ₹5 lakh deposit-insurance limit applies across branches, accounts and separate banks.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Bad Bank Economics: When Asset Reconstruction Creates Real Recovery

When transfer to a bad bank or asset reconstruction company produces cash recovery rather than accounting movement.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Corporate Credit Revival: Why Banks Prefer Retail Loans Until the Cycle Turns

Why banks favour granular retail credit when corporate demand is weak and what changes during a capex cycle.

Banking, RBI & Payments
India Banking Dashboard: 15 Ratios to Review Before Buying a Bank Stock

A disciplined framework for reading a bank’s growth, funding, margins, risk, capital and valuation together.

Banking, RBI & Payments
Credit on UPI: Convenience, Cost and Borrower Risk

RBI permits UPI access to eligible pre-sanctioned credit lines offered by regulated banks, subject to applicable instructions and product terms. Where the…

Banking, RBI & Payments
Account Aggregators: Sharing Financial Data with Control

RBI’s Account Aggregator directions govern NBFC-AAs and the consent-based transfer of specified financial information between regulated participants. The AA…

Banking, RBI & Payments
Digital Lending: Finding the Real Lender

The Reserve Bank of India (Digital Lending) Directions, 2025 apply to regulated banks, co-operative banks, NBFCs including housing finance companies, and…

Banking, RBI & Payments
BNPL: When Small Purchases Become Household Debt

RBI’s digital-lending framework requires regulated entities to report short-term, unsecured or deferred-payment credit to credit information companies. The…

Banking, RBI & Payments
Credit Card Rewards: Understanding the Hidden Cost

RBI’s card directions govern issuance, conduct, billing, closure and customer protection. Reward programmes remain subject to the issuer’s disclosed terms and…

Business Case Studies & Corporate Strategy
Visa vs Mastercard: The Global Payment Rails

Visa and Mastercard do not normally lend the money spent on their networks. Their core economics come from moving information and authorising transactions…

Income Tax
Digital Arrest Scam: Break the Script

There is no lawful process in which police, CBI, customs, telecom or a court keep a person under 'digital arrest' on a video call and demand transfer to a safe…

Income Tax
Mule Accounts: Freeze, Risk and Recovery

A money-mule account receives, holds or passes suspected criminal proceeds. Some holders knowingly rent accounts; others are deceived by job, commission or…

Income Tax
SIM-Swap Fraud: Immediate Defence Steps

A SIM swap or fraudulent replacement gives a criminal control over calls and SMS, potentially enabling password resets and OTP interception. A sudden loss of…

Income Tax
RBI Ombudsman: Escalating Financial Complaints

The RBI Integrated Ombudsman Scheme offers a free, centralised route for specified deficiency-in-service complaints against covered banks, NBFCs…

Income Tax
Cybercrime Evidence: What to Preserve

Digital evidence can vanish when a scammer deletes a group, changes a username, withdraws an advertisement or blocks the victim. Preserve the original context…

Income Tax
Credit Report Errors: Dispute Them Properly

A wrong loan, overdue, ownership tag or account status can affect credit decisions. The dispute should be raised with both the credit institution that supplied…

Banking, RBI & Payments
Loan Settlement vs Closure: Protect Your Credit

Before accepting any one-time settlement, calculate the cash relief against the possible future cost of a weaker credit profile.

Consumer & Competition Law
Digital Loans: KFS, APR and Cooling-Off

A fast sanction is not informed consent: the regulated lender, Key Fact Statement and Annual Percentage Rate should be visible before you borrow.

Consumer & Competition Law
Loan Penal Charges: Demand a Written Breakup

The right question is not merely “was I late?” but “which contractual breach, amount base and disclosed charge produced this figure?”