Chapter XVII - Factories

Reviewed by CA Nikhil Gupta · Last reviewed 30 August 2026

Chapter XI, Part VII — Factories. This guide connects sections 79–91 to provision-level analysis, subordinate law, forms, evidence and practical action without duplicating or paraphrasing the statutory text as a substitute for the official source.

Sections 79–9113 provisionsReviewed 28 July 2026

Legal-use control: determine the event date, commencement notification, appropriate Government, saved legacy instrument and State overlay before relying on a Central Code or Rule.

Chapter XVII - Factories in 2 minutes

What this module does

It converts the chapter or statutory Part into a navigable provision map, with each legal proposition owned by its individual section page.

What it does not do

It does not replace India Code, the Gazette, a State instrument, a Scheme, a judicial decision or a prescribed form.

Primary decision

Choose the correct provision only after fixing coverage, legal period, jurisdiction, worker status and the relevant transaction.

Evidence standard

Maintain transaction-level records showing the trigger, responsible actor, time, decision, communication and acknowledgement.

Decision path

Identify the covered establishment, worker, legal period and appropriate Government.
Map every trigger to the responsible actor, time limit, Rule, form and authority.
Preserve source, decision, communication and acknowledgement evidence.
Open the individual section page, then verify the exact provision and linked instrument from the official source before implementation.

Provision map

Provision	Subject	Rules and forms
Section 79	Approval and licensing of factories	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 80	Liability of owner of premises in certain circumstances	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 81	Power to apply Code to certain premises	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 82	Dangerous operations	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 83	Constitution of site appraisal committee	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 84	Compulsory disclosure of information by occupier	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 85	Specific responsibility of the occupier in relation to hazardous processes	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 86	National Board to inquire into certain situations	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 87	Emergency standards	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 88	Permissible limits of exposure of chemicals and toxic substances	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 89	Right of workers to warn about imminent danger	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 90	Appeal against the order of Inspector-cum-Facilitator in case of factory	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified
Section 91	Power to make rules to exempt	No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rulesForms: No direct prescribed form identified

Rules, forms and implementation

Rule map

No single Central Rule; read Code, notifications and jurisdictional rules

Form map

No single chapter-wide form applies; use the form linked to the relevant provision and transaction.

Central/State boundary

Central Rules apply only where the Central Government is the appropriate Government. State Rules, exemptions, authorities and portals must be checked separately.

Portal boundary

A successful portal submission proves a system transaction; it does not by itself establish coverage, entitlement, limitation compliance or legal correctness.

Employer and worker controls

Employer control

Assign a named owner, maker-checker review, due-date trigger, evidence repository and escalation path for each applicable provision.

Worker perspective

Record eligibility, notice, wage or benefit impact, safety or service conditions, available representation and the correct remedy forum.

Inspection readiness

Keep the coverage memo, registration/licence, policy, transaction record, notice, payment evidence, return and exception log together.

Dispute readiness

Preserve the applicable legal version, service dates, pleadings, witness/electronic evidence and later judicial treatment.

Evidence checklist

coverage and appropriate-Government memo
official provision and subordinate instrument
registration, licence or authority record
worker classification and engagement evidence
time-stamped transaction and communication
payment, benefit or safety record
maker-checker approval
exception and remediation record
State notification and portal evidence
judicial/litigation check where disputed

Finin2min Q&A

Can this chapter guide be used instead of the Code text?

No. Use it to identify the correct provision and control. Read the exact official text, Rules, notifications and applicable State material before reliance.

Does the Central Rule apply to every establishment?

No. First determine the appropriate Government and sector. State Rules or technical regulations may control the establishment.

What is the minimum defensible compliance record?

A dated coverage decision, source instrument, responsible actor, transaction evidence, approval, communication and exception/remediation trail.

Official sources

India Code — OSHWC Code, 2020
Read the exact provision and listed subordinate instruments.Ministry of Labour and Employment — Labour Codes library
Codes, Central Rules, notifications, corrigenda and implementation material.Finin2min provision repository
Section, Rule, form, transition, State, litigation and portal routes.

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