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Labour litigation issue map

Employee, workman and managerial-status disputes

Use dominant duties, control and evidence—not designation alone.

Decision path

1
Fix the legal period and forum.
Identify the Act/Code, transition, appropriate Government and territorial jurisdiction.
2
Freeze the evidence.
Preserve appointment, payroll, notices, orders, portal acknowledgements and witness material.
3
Read the controlling cases.
Extract the ratio, paragraph locator, relief, later treatment and factual limits.

Source-closed Supreme Court records

M/s Bharti Airtel Limited v A.S. Raghavendra
The Court restored the Labour Court’s conclusion that the employee had not proved workman status and reiterated the limited supervisory scope over fact findings.
Workmen of Nilgiri Cooperative Marketing Society v State of Tamil Nadu
The Court treated the inquiry as fact-sensitive, placed the initial burden on the person asserting employment and reviewed control, organisation, appointment, payment and other relevant indicators.

Finin2min checklist

Official starting points: Supreme Court of India · India Code · CGIT-cum-Labour Courts