In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-
(1) "buyer" means a person who buys or agrees to buy goods;
(2) "delivery" means voluntary transfer of possession from one person to another;
(3) goods are said to be in a "deliverable state" when they are in such state that the buyer would under the contract be bound to take delivery of them;
(4) "document of title to goods" includes a bill of lading, dock-warrant, warehouse keeper's certificate, wharfingers' certificate, railway receipt, multimodal transport document, warrant or order for the delivery of goods and any other document used in the ordinary course of business as proof of the possession or control of goods, or authorising or purporting to authorise, either by endorsement or by delivery, the possessor of the document to transfer or receive goods thereby represented;
(5) "fault" means wrongful act or default;
(6) "future goods" means goods to be manufactured or produced or acquired by the seller after the making of the contract of sale;
(7) "goods" means every kind of movable property other than actionable claims and money; and includes stock and shares, growing crops, grass, and things attached to or forming part of the land which are agreed to be severed before sale or under the contract of sale;
(8) a person is said to be "insolvent" who has ceased to pay his debts in the ordinary course of business, or cannot pay his debts as they become due, whether he has committed an act of insolvency or not;
(9) "mercantile agent" means a mercantile agent having in the customary course of business as such agent authority either to sell goods, or to consign goods for the purposes of sale, or to buy goods, or to raise money on the security of goods;
(10) "price" means the money consideration for a sale of goods;
(11) "property" means the general property in goods, and not merely a special property;
(12) "quality of goods" includes their state or condition;
(13) "seller" means a person who sells or agrees to sell goods;
(14) "specific goods" means goods identified and agreed upon at the time a contract of sale is made; and
(15) expressions used but not defined in this Act and defined in the Indian Contract Act, 1872, have the meanings assigned to them in that Act.
| Clause | Statutory requirement | Finin2min meaning | Evidence/control |
|---|
| Main rule | In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,- | Test this main limb within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: in this act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (1) | "buyer" means a person who buys or agrees to buy goods | Test this (1) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "buyer" means a person who buys or agrees to buy goods. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (2) | "delivery" means voluntary transfer of possession from one person to another | Test this (2) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "delivery" means voluntary transfer of possession from one person to another. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (3) | goods are said to be in a "deliverable state" when they are in such state that the buyer would under the contract be bound to take delivery of them | Test this (3) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: goods are said to be in a "deliverable state" when they are in such state that the buyer. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (4) | "document of title to goods" includes a bill of lading, dock-warrant, warehouse keeper's certificate, wharfingers' certificate, railway receipt, multimodal transport document, warrant or order for the delivery of goods and any other document used in the ordinary course of business as proof of the possession or control of goods, or authorising or purporting to authorise, either by endorsement or by delivery, the possessor of the document to transfer or receive goods thereby represented | Test this (4) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "document of title to goods" includes a bill of lading, dock-warrant, warehouse keeper's certificate, wharfingers' certificate, railway receipt. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (5) | "fault" means wrongful act or default | Test this (5) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "fault" means wrongful act or default. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (6) | "future goods" means goods to be manufactured or produced or acquired by the seller after the making of the contract of sale | Test this (6) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "future goods" means goods to be manufactured or produced or acquired by the seller after the making of. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (7) | "goods" means every kind of movable property other than actionable claims and money; and includes stock and shares, growing crops, grass, and things attached to or forming part of the land which are agreed to be severed before sale or under the contract of sale | Test this (7) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "goods" means every kind of movable property other than actionable claims and money; and includes stock and shares. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (8) | a person is said to be "insolvent" who has ceased to pay his debts in the ordinary course of business, or cannot pay his debts as they become due, whether he has committed an act of insolvency or not | Test this (8) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: a person is said to be "insolvent" who has ceased to pay his debts in the ordinary course. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (9) | "mercantile agent" means a mercantile agent having in the customary course of business as such agent authority either to sell goods, or to consign goods for the purposes of sale, or to buy goods, or to raise money on the security of goods | Test this (9) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "mercantile agent" means a mercantile agent having in the customary course of business as such agent authority either. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (10) | "price" means the money consideration for a sale of goods | Test this (10) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "price" means the money consideration for a sale of goods. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (11) | "property" means the general property in goods, and not merely a special property | Test this (11) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "property" means the general property in goods, and not merely a special property. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (12) | "quality of goods" includes their state or condition | Test this (12) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "quality of goods" includes their state or condition. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (13) | "seller" means a person who sells or agrees to sell goods | Test this (13) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "seller" means a person who sells or agrees to sell goods. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (14) | "specific goods" means goods identified and agreed upon at the time a contract of sale is made; and | Test this (14) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: "specific goods" means goods identified and agreed upon at the time a contract of sale is made; and. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
| (15) | expressions used but not defined in this Act and defined in the Indian Contract Act, 1872, have the meanings assigned to them in that Act. | Test this (15) within the scope and classification framework. Operational focus: expressions used but not defined in this act and defined in the indian contract act, 1872, have the. | Contract/deed, authority, chronology, notices, performance and payment records tied to this limb. |
