Section 78 - Special provision for full value of consideration in certain cases
For transfer of land or building as a capital asset, stamp-duty value can substitute for consideration subject to tolerance, valuation reference and agreement-date rules.
Reviewed by CA Nikhil Gupta · Updated 9 October 2026
Section 78 is presented using the consolidated Income-tax Act, 2025 as amended by the Finance Act, 2026. The general commencement date is 1 April 2026. Earlier years and saved proceedings may remain governed by the Income-tax Act, 1961 and the repeal/savings framework.
2-minute professional decode
For transfer of land or building as a capital asset, stamp-duty value can substitute for consideration subject to tolerance, valuation reference and agreement-date rules.
Who should test this section?
Section 78 matters to investors, property owners, promoters, companies, firms and advisers where the transaction involves special provision for full value of consideration in certain cases; the charge, computation and relief steps should be separated.
Evidence to retain
The section 78 file should preserve acquisition and transfer instruments, valuation or stamp records, payment evidence, holding-period material and every document that supports the treatment of special provision for full value of consideration in certain cases.
1961 Act bridge
| Legacy provision | Legacy heading | Mapping |
|---|---|---|
| 50C | Special provision for full value of consideration in certain cases. | Renumbered / mapped |
The bridge is a research aid. Legacy case law carries over only after the current wording and transition rules are matched.
Rules and forms linked to this section
No provision-specific Rule was independently mapped from the current Rules register for this section. That does not mean the wider Rules are irrelevant.
Worked application
Land is sold for ₹70 lakh when stamp value is ₹82 lakh. The tolerance and valuation-reference provisions are tested before substituting consideration.
Common mistake
For section 78, do not jump from sale proceeds to a capital-gain number: first identify the transfer/charging event, then consideration, cost, timing and any exemption or rollover condition relevant to special provision for full value of consideration in certain cases.
Compliance approach
Identify the statutory trigger for section 78, lock the relevant tax year, reconcile the facts to the operative sub-section, preserve the evidence trail and separately test every linked Rule, Form, Schedule and exception before finalising the return position.
Numeric / timing checkpoints in the operative text
- (b) if the stamp duty value does not exceed 110% of the consideration recei- ved or accruing from such transfer, such consideration shall be deemed to be the full value of the consideration for section 72.
Related provisions
- Section 72
- Section 66
- Section 269
- Section 77
- Section 79
Current statutory text
Primary-source trail
- Consolidated Income-tax Act, 2025 (as amended by Finance Act, 2026) (official external source)
- Income Tax Department - Act/Rules/Forms hub (official external source)
- CBDT commencement material - Act operative from 1 April 2026 (official external source)
Source status: full Section 78 statutory text in the local source corpus; reconciled to the current consolidated Act control on 8 October 2026.