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Merchanting Trade Transactions: RBI Evidence and Risk Checklist

Merchanting Trade Transactions: RBI Evidence and Risk Checklist
Finin2min Compliance Desk·June 2026·7 min readMTT

Merchanting trade is not normal import/export accounting because goods may not enter India while payment and trade documents still pass through India. Bank evidence and timing controls are critical.

Merchanting trade file

ComponentEvidence
Purchase contractForeign supplier terms and goods details.
Sale contractForeign buyer terms and pricing.
Shipping documentsMovement from supplier country to buyer country.
Payment legsOutward and inward remittance mapping.
Margin and timingCommercial margin and regulatory timing review.

Controls

  • Do not classify merchanting trade as ordinary import/export automatically.
  • Maintain separate transaction folder for each deal.
  • Coordinate with AD bank before execution.
  • Match inward and outward legs carefully.
  • Document cancellations or disputes separately.

Finin2min warning

Merchanting trade is evidence-heavy. Contracts, shipment and payment legs must tell the same story.
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Official sources used

This article is intentionally source-limited to official RBI / India Code material. Verify final filing positions with the latest FEMA Act, regulations, RBI directions, bank instructions and portal advisories before publishing.

FAQs

What makes merchanting trade different?

Goods may move between two foreign countries while Indian entity handles trade/payment legs.

Why coordinate with bank early?

AD bank review is important for documentation and payment routing.

What evidence is key?

Purchase/sale contracts, shipment records and payment mapping.

Source and review trail

Use the current official instrument, portal or regulator publication before acting. This panel separates the category authority from page-specific references.

Primary category
FEMA & International Tax
Official starting point
www.rbi.org.in

Page source links

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